![]() ![]() For example, in just under 15 years, Mars completes 7 synodic cycles and just under 8 sidereal cycles thus the sidereal period of Mars is approximately 1.9 years and its synodic period is approximately 2.1 years. Hence, the sidereal period of Mars is a little under two years and its synodic period is a little over 2 years.īy observing the planet over a longer length of time, more accurate estimates were obtained. For example, they observed that Mars regularly completes one sidereal cycle (around the ecliptic) in a little under 2 years, and one synodic cycle (from one retrograde motion to the next) in a little over 2 years. The Babylonians found good approximations to the sidereal and synodic periods of each planet by carefully observing the patterns of the planet’s motion over a length of time.
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